The Differences between Abstract Language and Concrete Language Case Study

The Differences between Abstract Language and Concrete Language - Case Study Example For example, Wordsworth utilized in his piece ‘Oh! raise us up, come back to us once more; And give us habits, goodness, opportunity, power’ which implied arguing to John Milton in the desire for reestablishing characteristics and qualities rather than material riches. In Sylvia Plath’s sonnet saying ‘the desert is white as a visually impaired man’s eye,â comfortless as salt; snake and flying creature rest behind the old masks’ offer a progressively solid portrayal of the primary subject however feelings have a significant impact eventually. Portray and examine the beginnings of Rhetoric and Persuasion as a particular field of study. The ‘Father of Rhetoric’ known as Empedocles was at first restricted by Plato. He turned into the instructor of Gorgias who later acquainted talk with Athens or where numerous skeptics looked for insight. Critics like Isocrates turned into an effective rhetorician and entertainer alongside Protagoras and Aristotle, an understudy of Plato who showed Alexander the Great and distinguished the three sorts of talk which are deliberative, measurable, and epideictic (Goldblatt).

Development Of Defense Of Provocation :: essays research papers

Advancement of Defense of Provocation Question: Critically assess the advancement of precedent-based law standards relevant to the guard of incitement in criminal law from the choice in Mancini v DPP [1942] AC 1 to Mascantonio v R (1995) 183 CLR 58. Survey the degree to which the customary law has demonstrated unyielding in reacting evolving cultural requirements and desires. Are there other legitimate methods for accomplishing considerable equity?      At the hour of the instance of Mancini the idea of incitement as a safeguard to kill was at that point an entrenched one going back hundreds of years. It started from the days when men remained battle ready and occupied with squabbles of viciousness that frequently brought about a crime being perpetrated. For incitement to be an abundant barrier to kill it should have been something which induced quick annoyance, or then again "passion" and which conquered an individual's poise to such a degree so as to overwhelm or overwhelm his explanation. What this something can be has been the subject of numerous perspectives as the centuries progressed, and these perspectives have emphatically relied on the kind of individual whom the law has viewed as meriting palliated thought when incited to slaughter. In the expressions of Viscount Simon "the law needs to accommodate regard for the sacredness of human existence with acknowledgment of the impact of incitement on human delicacy. " in such manner the troublesome idea of the "reasonable man" or the "ordinary man" has created also, with it the lawful teaching that incitement must be, for example, would not just cause the individual charged to carry on as he did yet as would cause a conventional man to so lose control of himself as to act in a similar kind of way. It is in this manner intriguing to look at how the precept of precedent-based law corresponding to incitement has reacted to changing cultural needs and qualities. It additionally gives a valuable contextual analysis in which the improvement of customary law principle can be watched. It is valuable to lead a made to order examination of the standard of incitement as a barrier to kill so as to all the more viably watch the legitimate development that has occurred.      In the instance of Mancini v DPP [1942] AC 1 the litigant had been sentenced for homicide in the wake of wounding a man to death in a club. The litigant's counsel fought that the preliminary appointed authority ought to have coordinated that the jury was open to discover incitement to decrease the appealing party's conviction to homicide. Master Simonds gave guidance upon what sort of incitement would decrease murder to homicide. He said that the incitement should incidentally deny

The Top Common Causes of Fatigue

The Top Common Causes of Fatigue Remember how you used to play for hours on end when you were a child, and yet yearn for more at bed time? What happened as you grew up?Too tired to work now? Too weak to keep your eyes open and yet have to carry on with your daily task because, well, you have no other option? Fatigue, or the feeling of being tired constantly, often increases with age. However, while you can blame it all on the slowing metabolism rate, it’s not the only factor.The sense of tiredness comes gradually and can hit a person all at once and entirely out of the blue. Fatigue leads to extreme lethargy, weariness and an absolute disinterest in doing even the simplest of chores.Did you know that as many as 20% of accidents on the road happen due to fatigue?If you are working, injuries are three times more likely to happen to you if you get less than five hours of sleep a night.WHY DOES FATIGUE HAPPEN?Taking rest to help the body to regain strength and rejuvenate itself is a great way to combat fatigue. In fac t, this is the best and the easiest way of improving your body fight with tiredness.Sleep is one of the most important aspects of leading a healthy life and you need a minimum of eight complete hours of sleep to stay healthy.Many mistake fatigue as a symptom for cold, flu, fever and more but it is always better for your own self to dig a little deeper and analyze the causes of being super tired all the time. In case you do feel something is off, it is always better to seek a professional opinion for the same.Fatigue can lead to severe problems and diseases if not checked on time and to combat the fatigue depends entirely on how you decide to handle your physical and mental health.Fatigues can be caused by a multitude of factors, mainly divided into two different segments. They are physical causes and mental causes. If you’re looking to be more productive, read on.The next time the sudden feeling of being overly tired hits you, you’d know what to do to deal with the issue at hand .The Top Causes of Fatigue:Lifestyle changes and physical health issues are the primary fatigue drivers. Mental health and stress is also a significant cause that might be making you feel fatigued. We’ll try to break down the reasons for you here.Don’t Forget the Lifestyle FactorsHow you live your life can tell how fatigued you become at the end of the day. Here are a few warning signs and things that can cause excessive fatigue.1. Excessive physical exertionWhile it feels great to physically exert yourself as much as you can to reach your fullest potential in life, it is essential to keep a check on how much you actually end up using yourself. Keep an achievable target in mind and do not overestimate the power of your body.Also, in case you do end up over-exerting yourself, try to take a break. Health comes way before anything else that you might want to do.2. Absolute Zero Physical ActivitiesLike too much of a good thing is never a good idea, neither is not indulging in any ph ysical activities and remaining to be a couch potato. Nope. That wouldn’t do at all.Zero physical activities lead to extreme drowsiness where your body ends up experiencing fatigue due to absolute lack of physical activities. That is again not as healthy as your body needs to burn up the carbs that you intake as part of your diet somehow.3. Not Getting Adequate SleepThis is the most common cause of fatigue and is a complaint that is made by almost everyone, be it a student or a working professional. Chances are you have complained about experiencing fatigue because of lack of sleep too. Getting at least 7-8 hours of sleep is mandatory to live a healthy and properly functioning life.4. Being Obese Doesn’t Help EitherBeing obese or being overweight is in itself not good for you, health-wise.Add that to experiencing fatigue, and it’s a definite no-no. Obesity can cause fatigue which will keep you feeling tired often which can later lead to more severe problems. The problem of bei ng obese is also related to not performing enough physical activities and not exercising regularly.Studies have shown that being obese also hampers your sleeping cycle, which can later lead to fatigue. Try to keep a check on your diet and get to doing more regular exercises to keep you fit and sleep for a regular eight hours to avoid being fatigued.5. Periods of Emotional StressIt’s not just physical exertion that can cause fatigue. Wondering about the what if’s and what not’s in life too often? It’s known to cause fatigue too, as internal turmoil doesn’t help you do what you normally would.Have you noticed how if sometimes you are under extreme emotional stress, due to personal or professional commitments, you start feeling extremely fatigued and tired? And extreme emotional stress is not something that is considered healthy.Emotional stress can be caused due to a lot of pressure. Break up with the boyfriend or girlfriend? It can cause emotional stress and heartaches, bot h of which are known to cause stress, and in turn, fatigue.Even if you are moving away from the family, it can cause emotional stress. There many more causes. The best way to alleviate this stress is to meditate or sleep it off. That way the fatigue can be combated gradually. If you see that you aren’t able to deal with stress, try meditation or seek help. Over a longer term, it can lead to depression.6. Too Much of Boredom Isn’t Good for HealthSounds strange? It is not if you really think about it. When you are bored, you are actually not utilizing either your mental faculties or your physical faculties. This actually leads your brain to shut off and start feeling foggy.This again leads your body to experience extreme fatigue. Like it is said, an empty mind is a devil’s workshop. Does not sound that strange right now, does it? Especially when you see that it actually leads you to feel more fatigued.Think about the lazy Sunday afternoons you had during your childhood. Sure, th ey sounded great, but that’s because you had your favourite pal to play with or the storybook you wanted to read. If you just had to sit around in a room the entire day, you wouldn’t have liked it as much, would you?7. Depression Can be a WorryPeople who suffer from depression have a higher chance of suffering from extreme fatigue. Insomnia, where one is sleep deprived for extended periods, is common. Sleep deprivation makes the fatigue much worse, and you start feeling more tired.Being in this state makes you lose all motivation to even complete simple chores like dressing up and going to the washroom. However, fear not. Mental illness is not a crime. There are quite a few doctors who can help you out if only you reach out to them. Speak out about your problems. No one will judge you for that.8. Intake of Excessive Medication especially Anti-depressants and SedativesWhile it is understandable that you might want to take painkillers for a night of proper rest without having to w ake up because of stress, or that taking anti-depressant pills actually helps you fight against your depression, make sure that your intake of these medicines is not very high.It has been proven by many studies that excessive medication makes you weak and tired and actually helps fuel your fatigue.Try exercising and meditating for a healthier way of overcoming your fatigue; it’s a known way to deal with stress.9. Excessive Alcohol Intake Does More Harm than GoodThe question on your mind here might be ‘but doesn’t a glass of alcohol at night actually better my chances of sleeping well, knowing that alcohol has sedative power in it?However, you’d be rather unhappy to know that alcohol actually ends up raising the epinephrine levels in the body which is basically a stress hormone. This ends up spiking the rate of your heartbeat and can make you feel excessively warm at night which will disturb your sleep pattern.In fact, different studies suggest that alcohol causes almost 10% of all insomnia cases. And we know that lack of sleep and fatigue go hand in hand. Try cutting down on the alcohol consumption to help regulate your daily sleep pattern and thereby help keep fatigue at bay.10. Too Much of CaffeineLove to start your day with a cup of coffee? While caffeine provides energy to function correctly while on low amounts of sleep, it is not a free pass to not have a regular and healthy sleep pattern. Too much of caffeine is not fit for the body as it can worsen the condition of the other parts of your body. This will ultimately lead to more fatigue.In the end, too much of caffeine intake actually means that you are delaying what is inevitable. And when the inevitable does occur, you actually end up in a worse situation than before. Therefore, try and avoid caffeine as a substitute to help gain energy.11. Taking Way too Much Hard drugs like Cocaine, Meth, and HeroinStudies suggest that hard drugs like cocaine, meth, and heroin slow down the functioning of th e body and also make you lethargic. In turn, you become fatigued physically and wouldn’t be able to do things you normally would.The recreational drug, while it might seem fun to the user, is actually not so and should be stoically stopped.12. Consuming an unbalanced dietIt will come as no surprise if most of you are reading this article binges on chips, pizza, burgers, soft drinks and more on a regular basis. However, you must know that these items do not contain the requisite amount of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, and vitamins that make up a balanced diet.An unbalanced diet does not fulfill your nutrient needs and hence can cause extreme fatigue due to lack of proper nourishment that is needed by your body for its functioning. The only way to correct this would be by consuming a balanced diet daily and taking adequate rest whenever possible.Do note that different diseases can cause fatigue too, and here is a look at a few of them. PHYSICAL HEALTH CONDITIONS PLAY A PA RT TOOHitting the gym does more good than you might think. It helps you stay fresh, and gives your body the energy it needs. Here is how it helps ward off fatigue.1. AnemiaAnemia is known to be one of the most common medical conditions that cause fatigue. Our organs need oxygen to function in the right manner. And when you are anemic, you do not have an adequate number of red blood cells to transfer oxygen to all the body parts that need it on time.Due to the deficiency of iron in the body, it has to put all its faculties to use when it comes to producing and meeting the energy requirement of the body. This causes a lesser amount of energy to reach all the organs, and that results in less energy in the body overall.This causes extreme fatigue in the body. Iron deficiency needs to be removed by eating a healthy and balanced diet.2. ArthritisCells in our body communicate and interact with each other all the while. During these communication periods, the cells produce something called cytokines. The cytokines, in turn, cause inflammation in the cell and thereby arthritis is called Tumor Necrosis Factor or TNF.The inflation in the cell causes fatigue in our body while we are suffering from arthritis. There are certain medications available in the market that help check the inflation or swelling. So, there is nothing to worry about in case you are suffering from fatigue that is caused due to arthritis.3. The common cold and the fluIt is very common for you to notice that a simple infection like the common cold or the flu makes you extremely tired, nauseous and fatigued. This is because the common cold and the flu drains your body of the fluids and lack of fluid causes extreme fatigue.Keep yourself hydrated at all times to avoid getting fatigued or tired. Common cold and flu are widespread causes for fatigue, so there is nothing life-threatening or risky to worry about.4. Anorexia or eating disordersThis one, while a severe medical issue, is a prevalent cause of fat igue due to physical health issues.Anorexia is an eating disorder where the patient is either afraid to eat for fear of getting fat or just ends up puking all that he/ she has eaten. This apart from being a physical condition actually stems from various mental issues and is quite common in people these days.There are rehabilitation centers for patients suffering from anorexia. However, because of the lack of intake of vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, proteins, fats and more nutrients by the body, there is a lack of energy generation by it which does not allow the body to function correctly. Thus, this puts a lot of pressure on the body of an individual and ends up causing extreme fatigue.5. Addison’s disease which causes a hormonal imbalance in the bodyAddison’s disease is a physical problem which creates a hormonal imbalance in our bodies. It can happen to anyone, irrespective of age and gender.It occurs when the adrenal glands that are present just above our kidneys do not p roduce the necessary amount of the hormone called cortisol and aldosterone. The Addison’s disease is also sometimes referred to as chronic adrenal insufficiency or hypercortisolism.The hormone called cortisol actually affects all the organs in our body as it helps regulate the blood pressure of our body as well as the cardiovascular functions in our body. Apart from that it also governs the inflammation of the immune system which is extremely necessary.Most importantly, why the lack of this hormone causes fatigue in our body is that it is used to break down sugar to create energy for the regular functioning of our body. Therefore, in the event of the lack of the presence of this hormone in our body, there is a meager amount of energy that is created in the body which makes you feel fatigued.6. HyperthyroidismIf you are a patient suffering from hyperthyroidism you might often find yourself extremely tired to even go through the very basics for the day. Keeping your eyes open, weari ng clothes, going out to shop for groceries, all these simple little tasks that actually are quite regular and easy to do, seem like a herculean effort. There are many reasons why hyperthyroidism happens.Some of them are lack of sleep when you are suffering from hyperthyroidism. The lack of sleep can also be because of extreme stress, rapidly beating pulse, very high blood pressure, diarrhea, anxiety or many more such issues.Another reason for fatigue can be an excessive intake of medication. This lets your body gets exhausted and leads to the gradual or sudden onset of fatigue.7. DiabetesIf you are a patient suffering from Type 2 diabetes, the feeling of always being tired or fatigued is not new to you.You might be wondering why that is the case. Well, the reason is quite simple. If you are diabetic, there is the possibility of your body creating an excess amount of glucose.Excessive glucose creation in the body leads to dehydration because of the loss of fluid due to frequent urin ation.Surely, if you know someone who is diabetic or is diabetic yourself, you know how much you want to urinate in that stage. The dehydration caused by frequent urination causes fatigue in our bodies.8. Problems with the kidneysIf your kidneys are not functioning as well as they should, there is a possibility that your body is not getting as much oxygen as it needs to create energy for its daily functioning. This is one of the primary reasons why you might be feeling fatigued.Oxygen is an essential component of energy creation, and without the adequate amount of energy created by your body, it is more than evident that you will end up feeling tired and fatigued. Visit a doctor if your symptoms get too severe.9. Autoimmune DisorderAn autoimmune disorder is a disorder in which your immune system does not function as effectively as it should. This leads to chronic fatigue syndrome. In this syndrome, while also having the autoimmune disease you end up always being super tired, and the re is a constant pain in your body.There is a certain tenderness that can be felt all over your body and there are continuous stiffness and fatigue. There are no known causes for this disease, but if it gets too out of hand, it is always best to consult with your personal physician.10. Problems with the liverWhy issues with the liver also results in fatigue have so far not been entirely understood by experts. However, it has been estimated that it has to do something with hormonal imbalance as well.The liver is one of the most critical parts of the digestive system and without proper digestion; there is a possibility of the body being dehydrated. This leads to extreme fatigue and tiredness in the body.CONCLUSIONFatigue can happen due to different reasons. While a few of them are very common and can be easily treated with proper diet and a good sleep, many of these require you to pay a visit to your doctor. However, there is not really a lot to worry about.Invest time in yourself wit h a simple few lifestyle changes, and ensure that you feel good about yourself.

Self-Analysis of Leadership Abilities Free Essay Example, 1250 words

The results of the test indicated that I have a team leadership style. I do believe that both people and tasks are important in the accomplishment of any task. Where some leaders would be focused on the accomplishment of a task – disregarding the effect of their leadership skills on their employees – others would be on the opposite end, as they focus on taking care and interacting with their people. However, in the true leadership sense, I believe that it is possible to achieve a leadership which takes care of the people and the tasks to be done. It is possible to get a job or a task done efficiently and even quickly while still taking care of the employees – interacting with them, and ensuring an open and trusting relationship with them. Strengths and weaknesses The results also indicate that my participative skills are strong, that I allow the employees to participate in the major decisions in the company and in allowing them to participate in deciding the direction of their work. A greater degree of participation in the workplace by the employees allows the employees to have a greater sense of responsibility over their tasks and in what the company, as a whole, can achieve. We will write a custom essay sample on Self-Analysis of Leadership Abilities or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Review Of Literature Types Of Salt - 1674 Words

Review of Literature Types of salt: Iodized table salt: This is the most type of salt used in homes and kitchens. It is called â€Å"Iodized† because today, most salt manufacturers fortify the salt with mineral Iodine. It is an essential mineral for fighting off certain Iodine-related diseases like hypothyroidism. There’s also another natural way to get this important mineral into someone’s system by eating more seaweed, which is rich in Iodine. Sea Salt: Made from evaporated water in the sea. Their are larger and coarser crystals of salt then Iodized table salt. Sea salt originated from Brittany, France. Sea salt is also 2,000 years old and it is foreign. Kosher Salt: Kosher salt dissolves really fast. This is the type of salt that most chefs use. It is found from the sea or the earth. Brands like Morton and Diamond crystal sells this type of salt. Kosher salt got its name because the crystals make it perfect for curing meat. You can buy Kosher salt in any local supermarket. Crystalline sea salt: Good for using in foods like a fresh salad, salmon fillet, etc. Its origin are the coasts from Portugal to Maine. The texture of the Crystalline sea salt is fine. It also varies in color depending on the minerals it contains. This type of salt can be bought online. It’ll be about $2-$15 depending on how many pounds someone orders. Flaked sea salt: Good for bringing a complex flavor to steamed vegetables or shellfish. Crushing this type of salt between the fingers and letting itShow MoreRelatedAsdsadsd1327 Words   |  6 Pages2.0 Review of Related Literature Reviews of Related Literature and Studies this includes the ideas, generalization or conclusions, methodologies and others. Those that were included in this chapter helps in familiarizing information that are relevant and similar to the present study. Foreign Literature They develop the system entitled eBarCloud. 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Nucor Steel Case Study Free Essays

Nucor From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Nucor Corporation TypePublic (NYSE: NUE) SP 500 Component IndustrySteel Iron Founded1940 HeadquartersCharlotte, North Carolina, USA Key peopleDaniel R. DiMicco, Chairman, CEO, President Revenue US$ 11. 2 Billion (FY 2009)[1] Net income US$ 293 million (FY 2009)[1] Employees20,400 (2010) Websitewww. We will write a custom essay sample on Nucor Steel Case Study or any similar topic only for you Order Now nucor. com Nucor Corporation (NYSE: NUE), a Fortune 300 company headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina, is one of the largest steel producers in the United States, and the largest of the â€Å"mini-mill† operators (those using electric arc furnaces to melt scrap steel, as opposed to companies operating integrated steel works with blast furnaces). Nucor claims to be North America’s largest recycler of any material, recycling one ton of steel every two seconds. The total annual steelmaking capacity of the company is 25 million ton. [2] Contents [hide] 1 History 1. 1 The REO Era 1. 2 The Nuclear Corporation Era 1. The Nucor Era 2 Nucor Today 3 The Nucor Culture 3. 1 Decentralized Management Philosophy 3. 2 Performance Based Compensation 3. 3 Egalitarian Benefits 3. 4 Customer Service and Quality 3. 5 Technological Leadership 4 Environmental record 5 References 6 External links [edit]History Nucor’s history consists of three distinct eras: the Reo Motor Car era, the Nuclear Corporation of America era, and the current Nucor era. [3][4] [edit]The REO Era Nucor’s origins are with auto manufacturer Ransom E. Olds, who founded Olds Motor Vehicle Company in 1897 (later, as Oldsmobile, to become a part of General Motors). Having left his company years before it was acquired by GM, in 1905 Olds established a new company, REO Motor Car Company, the predecessor to Nucor, in Lansing, Michigan. Though Olds’ cars, including the luxurious REO Flying Cloud, were popular, they were not profitable, and the company’s more successful truck business (featuring the famous REO Speed Wagon) was still not sufficiently profitable to avoid a bankruptcy filing in 1938. As part of the bankruptcy reorganization, REO exited the car business to concentrate on trucks, and after World War II, attempted to diversify into lawn mowers. The reorganized company continued to underperform, and finally in December 1954, REO sold off its entire manufacturing operations to Bohn Aluminum and Brass Company (suffering a $3 million loss on the sale). [edit]The Nuclear Corporation Era After the sale, REO was left with $16 million in cash on hand and no trading businesses. The company initiated liquidation proceedings, with the goal of selling its few remaining assets and distributing the cash to creditors and shareholders. However, a group of dissident shareholders noticed the tax loss and successfully challenged the liquidation in a proxy fight in September 1955. In what amounted to a â€Å"reverse hostile takeover†, activist shareholders forced REO to take over a tiny nuclear services company called Nuclear Consultants, Inc. Following the purchase, REO Motor Company emerged as â€Å"Nuclear Corporation of America Inc. â€Å", and relocated to offices in the Empire State Building in New York City. Nuclear’s attempt to recast itself as a nuclear industry services company was ultimately no more successful than REO had been. Nuclear then followed the example of other companies in the 1950s and 60s and attempted to become a conglomerate, once again moving its headquarters, this time to Phoenix, Arizona. During this time it would purchase, among others, Vulcraft Corporation, a steel joist manufacturer located in Florence, South Carolina. Vulcraft had been founded by Sanborn Chase (no relation to the coffee company), who died at an early age, leaving the company to his widow. Nuclear purchased Vulcraft from Chase’s widow in 1962 and, in a sign of things yet to come, hired F. Kenneth Iverson as general manager. But Nuclear the conglomerate fared no better than Nuclear the nuclear services company or REO the car/truck/lawn mower manufacturer, and in March 1965 filed for bankruptcy for the second time in 27 years. The Board of Directors fired Nuclear’s President (and, in the process, had to return his private jet to him), but for two months could not find a replacement, as nobody wanted to head a corporation that was most likely going to go out of business. Finally, Samuel Siegel, an accountant with Nuclear (and friend of Iverson) who had actively been looking to leave the company, informed the Board of Directors he would remain with the company under two conditions: Iverson would become President and he (Siegel) would become Chief Financial Officer, conditions the Board quickly accepted. [edit]The Nucor Era Iverson and Siegel quickly reorganized Nuclear around its only profitable business, steel-fabricator Vulcraft. All other businesses were either sold or liquidated. The company moved its headquarters yet again, this time to Charlotte, North Carolina in 1966, to be closer to its main Vulcraft plant. Unable to get favorable prices from American steel manufacturers, and unhappy with the imported steel available at the time, Iverson (a metallurgist by training) decided to integrate Nuclear backwards into steel making by building its first steel bar mill in Darlington, South Carolina in 1968. The company chose to purchase an electric arc furnace, which was far cheaper than the traditional steel blast furnace, courtesy of a US $6,000,000 bank loan from Wachovia. Although the early days were tough (once the American steel manufacturers learned Nuclear was operating its own mill, they canceled their contracts)[citation needed], Nuclear was finally able to obtain the financial success that had eluded the company from its beginning. In 1972 the company (recognizing that there was nothing â€Å"nuclear† about making steel or steel products) adopted its current name. Since that time, Nucor has expanded into other steel products, gained some control of its raw material supply and greatly expanded its market presence. In the 1990s, Nucor bought Birmingham Steel, including the Mississippi Steel plant and Birmingham, Alabama operations. In September 2000, Dan DiMicco was appointed as the Chief Executive Officer by Nucor’s Board of Directors. Under his leadership, Nucor has acquired compatible existing steel manufacturing facilities with similar operating philosophies. Since 2007, Nucor has made the two biggest acquisitions in its history, one to help control its raw material supply and the other to expand its product line. In January 2007, Nucor agreed to pay $1. 07 billion dollars for Canada’s Harris Steel Co. The deal allowed Nucor to expand its presence in the type of steel used to build bridges, highways and other infrastructure projects. [5] Prior to 2007, Nucor had a single brand, Nucor Building Systems which consists of four facilities in Indiana, South Carolina, Texas, and Utah. 6] In August 2007, Nucor acquired the four brands of Magnatrax (American Buildings Company, Gulf States Manufacturers, Kirby Building Systems and CBC Steel Buildings) for $280 million to bolster its share in the pre-engineered metal building systems market. As a result Nucor Buildings Group was created. [7] In February 2008, Nucor agreed to pay $1. 4 billion for DJJ, one of the largest scrap brokerages. Analysts said the deal would help Nucor pocket more of its sales. In May 2008, Nucor also announced two joint ventures overseas to capitalize on thriving construction markets outside the U. S. By Mid-2008, Nucor operated 53 facilities throughout the United States and one in Point Lisas, Trinidad. The company also maintained operations through wholly owned subsidiaries, Harris Steel and the David J. Joseph Company (DJJ). Since this time, when the stock reach its peak value (mid-2008), the company has lost one-third to one-half of its market value, and has not recovered as of 2012 [8] [edit]Nucor Today Nucor had sales of $11. 19 billion in 2009 and employed 20,400 workers. The 2009 loss of $293 million posted by Nucor was its first annual loss since 1966. Nucor 2009 Annual Report† Steel products produced include: Bars (carbon and alloy steel) Beams Sheet/Flat Rolled Plate Steel joists Joist girders Steel deck Fabricated concrete reinforcing steel Cold finished steel Steel fasteners Metal building systems Light gauge steel framing Steel grating Expanded metal Wire and wire mesh In addition, through DJJ, Nucor also brokers ferrous and nonferrous metals, pig iron and H RI/DRI; supplies ferro-alloys; and processes ferrous and nonferrous scrap. [edit]The Nucor Culture The Nucor Culture can be summarized in five areas: decentralized management philosophy, performance based compensation, egalitarian benefits, customer service and quality, and technological leadership. Underlying these elements is the fact that none of Nucor’s plants, whether built from scratch or acquired, are unionized. Nucor is opposed to unions, believing them to be a destructive force in the US steel industry. No Nucor plant has ever held a successful union certification election, even though Nucor management has not engaged in the controversial â€Å"union busting† tactics adopted by other companies. The company has never laid off an employee due to a work shortage. [edit]Decentralized Management Philosophy Nucor is highly decentralized in its operations, there are only five managerial levels at Nucor (supervisor/professional, department manager, division general manager, executive vice president, and President/CEO). Most operating decisions are made at the division level or lower. In addition, Nucor claims that its corporate office staff numbers around 75 employees, which may possibly be the smallest number of corporate office employees among major corporations. [edit]Performance Based Compensation All Nucor employees, from senior officers to hourly employees, are covered under one of four basic compensation plans (in addition to base pay) which reward employees for meeting certain incentive specific goals and targets: Production Incentive Plan: Operating and maintenance employees and supervisors at the facilities are paid weekly bonuses based on the productivity of their work group. The rate is calculated based on the capabilities of the equipment employed, and no bonus is paid if the equipment is not operating. In general, the Production Incentive bonus can average from 80 to 150 percent of an employee’s base pay. Department Manager Incentive Plan: Department Managers earn annual incentive bonuses based primarily on the percentage of net income to dollars of assets employed for their division. These bonuses can be as much as 80 percent of a department manager’s base pay. Professional and Clerical Bonus Plan: This bonus is paid to employees that are not on the production or department manager plan and is based on the division’s net income return on assets. Senior Officers Incentive Plan: Nucor’s senior officers do not have employment contracts. They do not participate in any pension or retirement plans. Their base salaries are set lower than what executives receive in comparable companies. The remainder of their compensation is based on Nucor’s annual overall percentage of net income to stockholder’s equity and is paid out in cash and stock. In addition to these established bonus plans, Nucor has periodically issued an extraordinary bonus to all employees, except officers, in years of particularly strong company performance. This bonus has been as high as $2000 for each employee; during 2005 two such extraordinary bonuses were paid and another in 2009 was paid(per the 10-K filing). edit]Egalitarian Benefits Nucor’s senior officers are not provided traditional â€Å"perks† such as company cars, executive parking spaces, or executive dining rooms. In fact, several programs (such as Nucor’s Profit Sharing, Scholarship Program, Employee Stock Purchase Plan, Extraordinary Bonus, and Service Awards Program) are not available to Nucor’s officers bu t only to lower-level employees. As a symbol of Nucor’s egalitarian culture, each annual report since 1975 has listed the names of every employee. In 1975, there were 2,300 workers and their names fit on the back cover. In the 2007 annual report, it took 12 pages to list the names of all 18,000 employees. In August 2006, the company did purchase a corporate jet for use by senior management. In a letter to all employees from the CEO, Dan DiMicco explained that the frequent rentals of charter jets made a corporate jet purchase a cost-effective measure. [edit]Customer Service and Quality Nucor is a member of the U. S. Green Building Council and has participated in other elite environmental programs, such as the Environmental Protection Agency’s National Environmental Performance Track program. Nucor has also sponsored construction of a regional butterfly aviary, launched a waterfowl protection project and helped preserve wetlands. Several divisions have environmental management systems that conform to ISO 14001 standards. [edit]Technological Leadership Nucor was among the first steel companies in the United States to use electric arc furnaces to melt recycled steel (primarily from junked automobiles). In 2007, Nucor recycled nearly 10 million cars in its production processes, the equivalent of one SUV every four seconds. The company’s website maintains a running count of the tons of recycled steel used during the current calendar year. Currently, Nucor (in conjunction with two foreign-owned steel companies) operates a facility in Crawfordsville, Indiana that continuously casts sheet steel directly from molten steel without the need for heavy, expensive, and energy-consuming rollers. The process (known as Castrip[9]), if successful, would allow an entire mill to be built in 1/6 the space of a ‘mini-mill’ and at 1/10 the cost of a traditional integrated mill. They call this concept a ‘micro-mill’. Also, Nucor has two pilot projects, one in Western Australia and one in Brazil, which are developing low-cost sources of iron for use in its mills. [edit]Environmental record In 2000, Nucor settled with the U. S. Justice Department and the United States Environmental Protection Agency to resolve allegations that it had not adequately controlled the emission of toxic chemicals into the air, water, and soil of Alabama, Arkansas, Indiana, Nebraska, South Carolina, Texas, and Utah. The $98 million result was â€Å"the largest and most comprehensive environmental settlement ever with a steel manufacturer. â€Å"[10] The University of Massachusetts’ Political Economy Research Institute in 2002 ranked Nucor as the fourteenth-largest corporate contributor to U. S. air pollution, with a toxic score of 152,421 (pounds released ? toxicity ? population exposure) due to the release of 760,000 pounds of toxins into the air yearly. [11] Since DiMicco took charge of Nucor in September 2000, he has emphasized that he wanted the company to become a leader in environmental performance. Nucor has added environmental staffing and training and adopted new technology – in some cases, groundbreaking technology that Nucor is working to patent and license to other companies. The number of toxins released, as measured by the University of Massachusetts study, has dropped by more than 35 percent. Nucor is considered to be the largest steel recycler in the U. S. â€Å"We have always been green,† explains Shell. â€Å"NBS buildings average over 80 percent recycled content. † Projects fit with the industry trend of implementing green initiatives. [12] How to cite Nucor Steel Case Study, Free Case study samples

To Hack Or Not To Hack Essays - Hacker, Hacking, Identity Theft

To Hack Or Not To Hack? Look at them, sitting there unscathed like small children. The poor unsuspecting file server and its accompanying network of computers are just inviting the lonely hacker in. Hacking is an art generally performed by deft hands and quick minds. True hackers are few. The term ?hacker? was an epithet given to computer geeks in the days when computers were an uncommon commodity. These computer gurus were said to hack away at the keyboard all day. The public view of hackers is bad but far from the truth. The public views all hackers as social outcasts who break into computers and destroy them by exposing sensitive information or spreading virii everywhere. This is technically wrong, as this definition is known to the digital underground as a ?Cracker.? Every true hacker's ultimate goal is knowledge. Any possible means may be used to obtain that, including many illegal ones. On the other hand, a cracker breaks into computer systems for the sheer joy of destruction and confusion. People like this should be put behind bars. I am not a bad hacker and expose these holes to help the Administrators minimize future attacks. Recently, I have found dozens of college servers holding web sites that just scream to be defaced by hackers worse than me. They are running an older version of Microsoft FrontPage extensions. This shows us one of two problems with the System Administrators: either they are too lazy to update their software, or they are too ignorant to know how. As System Administrators, their job is to constantly update the server to maintain its security. If they fail, they should not have the job. It is up to ?good? hackers like me to show them these vulnerabilities to minimize the damage done. Using the vulnerabilities in this older version of the FrontPage software, I gained access to the Wyoming University's password file and ultimately gained access to that server. I added a small link to the bottom of this web page saying ?hello.? When the link was clicked, it would email me. This infuriated this particular System Administrator to the point that he was ready to prosecute me. He emailed me saying that he was going to prosecute me to the maximum extent possible under the law. Because I left no log of what I did, I told him he couldn't prosecute me because he couldn't find me. Then I emailed him telling him how to fix this vulnerability in the older version of FrontPage. If he had simply performed his job and updated his software, this would have never happened. This is just an example of one of the unsuspecting fileservers open to hackers. If some other had have found this before me, it could have been ugly. As System Administrators, your job is to maintain and secure the network. This incident could have been avoided altogether by simply downloading and installing the update from the Microsoft web site. Please take this advice and update your software. Thank you for your time. Bibliography none Computers and Internet Essays

PA Constitutional Convention essays

PA Constitutional Convention essays The drafting of a constitution was not an easy task to accomplish, especially for a newly founded and independent nation. This task was then given to a few representatives from the colonies in order for them to draft a constitution that would serve the best interests of the people it was to govern over. This was not an easy task because of the differences faced by many of the citizens, the differing issues that faced individual colonies, as well as the colonies as a whole nation. Pennsylvania played its own key role with its seven representatives sent to aid in the drafting of the constitution. Benjamin Franklin, Pennsylvanias most prominent political figure was there to give his assistance in developing the new government. Dr. Franklin was one of the few American colonists that held any kind of international political sway because of his duties as ambassador for the American people. Probably the most influential person to the continental convention from Pennsylvania was the Scottish born James Wilson. Wilson thought that the appointment of a president was just as dangerous as having a monarch. He strongly believed that the government served the people, that all power was derived from the people, and rejected the social contract theory that people allowed themselves to be ruled in exchange for certain guaranteed rights. Wilson felt that the executive should be one person that is elected to office by representatives that are elected by the people; this syste m was known as the Electoral College. Wilson served in congress from 1775-1777, 1783, and 1785-1787, he would also eventually serve on the Supreme Court as well. Another figure from Pennsylvania was Thomas Mifflin who served in congress from 1774-1775 and again in 1783-1784. Mifflin was a general and one of the first officers commissioned in the newly founded continental army. Robert Morris also served in congress from 1776-1778 ...

Are You On a Career Ladder, or Just Job Hopping

Are You On a Career Ladder, or Just Job Hopping It used to be that you’d take a job at a company and rise from young up-and-comer to wise lifer, logging 10 years or more in the same place. It’s not that changing jobs was unheard of, but rather people built their career paths  differently. These days, changing jobs is the norm: the average Joe or Jane changes jobs 10-15 times throughout their careers. Much of this is a cultural change, and an economic one- companies are much more likely to reorganize or adapt to changing technology and economic factors these days. And part of it is a personal change, as well. Millennials, especially, are seen as mercenary sharks, ready to grab the next opportunity that swims by. Gallup reports that  Millennials are far more likely to change jobs frequently. In fact, in 2015, 21% of  Millennials  surveyed by Gallup had changed jobs within the last year. And on top of that, 60% of them were open to changing jobs in the near future if the opportunity came up.This speaks to a shif t in thinking, where upward progress is more important than the stability of creating a career path in one place. The latter is the â€Å"career ladder† approach, where your plan is to meet particular job title milestones, typically within a company or organization. The alternative approach, one increasingly embraced by the newer generations of job seekers, is moving from job to job to cobble together experience and move up in salary and job title. The phrase â€Å"job hopping† has been used to describe this phenomenon, and although it’s taken on some negative connotations, it can also be a career booster.Career Ladder: Pros and ConsWhen you think of a career ladder, think of the stereotypical Hollywood story of the mailroom worker who works diligently upward from the bottom rung of the company, making it all the way to the corner office. It makes a great story (look at what Anyman/Anywoman can achieve!), but that story leaves out a lot: namely, all the steps in the middle, and all the skills sets that have to be built along the way. Creating a career ladder requires a strong commitment, and a strong set of goals.The Pros:Career ladders are based on stability. If you feel most comfortable plotting out a career course where you don’t have to make a lot of changes, where you can put down roots, this mightYou’re not necessarily tied to one place. Many companies have offices or opportunities throughout the country (or even the world). Just because you’re committing to one company for a long time doesn’t mean you’re saying you’ll stay in one place forever.It doesn’t have to be your entire career plan. A career ladder could be just a portion of your career (say, the next 10 years), where you want to get from Job A to Job Z. That doesn’t mean you have to spend the rest of your life in Job Z.It shows upward mobility, while also showing you’re a good investment. A company that has promo ted you numerous times is one that thinks you’re a worthy investment, and that can be appealing once you are ready to make the change to another company, or if there’s an unforeseen job loss.Companies like to promote from within. Hiring from outside can add new dynamics and diversify your employee pool, but it can also be expensive, time consuming, and a big gamble. Developing talent has significant advantages for companies, including developing a strong, committed employee base. It’s less of a risk because they know you, and know what you’re capable of doing. If you’ve ever experienced the frustration of wanting a job, only to find out someone was hired internally, that could be you!The Cons:Career ladders are less common these days. With unpredictable economics, and technology changing virtually every industry very fast. It can be harder to create a long-term plan if you can’t account for things like reorganizations (which often come on qu ickly for those affected).Companies don’t always have the resources to devote to leadership and skill training that would best benefit employees. If you’re not growing and improving in your job,There’s a risk of stagnation. Sometimes a change of scenery is beneficial, and can jump-start your career by exposing you to new people, new ideas, and new ways of doing your job. Merely changing and expanding roles may not provide as much career stimulation, depending on your comfort zone and your career goals.You might be seen as less-than-ambitious. If you seem too comfortable in your role, it may be tough for the powers that be to see you in a new role that requires change and more responsibility.Job Hopping: Pros and Consâ€Å"Job hopping† sounds like a social activity, but really it just means that a person switches jobs frequently (every year or two), without putting down long roots in one place. It’s becoming a more popular career path strategy for p eople, especially Millennials, who are looking for more aggressive career development.The Pros:Change is good! Working at different companies, in different environments (even if the roles are similar) is a good way to build experience quickly. Job hopping offers you more chances to try new things and take on new projects, ensuring that you grow consistently.It’s becoming more accepted. Job hopping used to be considered â€Å"career suicide,† because it raised red flags. Why has this person held so many different jobs over a short period of time? The economics of American jobs have shifted so substantially, however, that now it’s becoming more accepted, especially when people are younger and just starting out in their careers. An unstable economy can upset even the most carefully planned career trajectory, and hiring managers are increasingly understanding of that.It’s can be a fast track to higher salary. If you jump on opportunities for advancement at ot her companies, you have the opportunity to negotiate higher and move into higher paying positions, faster than you might if you were going through a standard promotions process at a single company.It’s a network builder. New company = new colleagues, and an ever-growing stable of work acquaintances, mentors, and friends in your field.It shows you’re adaptable. Starting over somewhere else requires a lot of thinking on your feet, and being able to adapt to new environments and ways of doing things. You can emphasize that in your resume and in interviews, and use specific examples of how your range of jobs have made you a more nimble employee.The Cons:Some hiring managers still see it as a red flag. They might think you’re a flight risk, after the company invests training time and resources into you as an employee. Unfairly or not, you may be seen as less-than-loyal, or disinterested in committing to the role or to the company.Short-term focus comes at the expense of long-term progress. It can be tough to see where you are, career-wise, if you’ve been moving so much that you don’t see how your efforts pan out. If you’re out the door before positive results roll in for your hard work, you can’t really quantify that and use it on your resume in the future.Your job may not be as secure. In a reorganization or layoff situation, if it comes down to a Sophie’s Choice-style decision between the new-ish employee who started less than a year ago, or the longer-term employee with a long history of institutional knowledge and achievement, you might be the easier one to let go.As you can see, there are good points and bad for each career choice- and in fact, job hopping may not be a choice at all, but rather a response to a chaotic industry, or economic changes well beyond your control. The most important decision to make, whether you want to plant a career ladder in one place, or make chess-like moves through your fie ld to reach your ultimate career goals, is what works best for you.If you’ve always had a dream company in mind, then maybe the ladder is the way to go: start humble, and rise through the ranks like that mythical mail room employee. If you want to make big changes and steadily build your job title and salary over a shorter period of time, then job hopping might be your best option. It might also work best if your goals are very multidisciplinary- if you want to be the best darn salesperson of widgets, then by all means put down roots at Widget Co. and start building your empire.If you want to be experienced and knowledgeable about widget sales and production, then your best strategy might be to start in sales at Widget Co., then move over to Widgets ‘R Us with your sales background. The bottom line here is that your career goals are yours and yours alone, and you should pursue them as you see fit.

Should women be allowed in combat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Should women be allowed in combat - Essay Example Others suggest that women are not fit for combat service and are a detriment to the effectiveness of any fighting force. The truth is that women should not be permitted to serve in the armed forces in combat roles even should they wish to do so. Another argument, which is not currently relevant but which may occur at any time, is whether or not women should be drafted into the armed forced should a draft be reinstated. This raises interesting issues. In the course of this paper I will examine some of the objections to the idea of women serving in the armed forces and I will conclude by discussing the potential issues around a draft. The preponderance of evidence suggests that women are ill-suited for combat missions. Gender roles have changed a great deal in the decades since the 1960s when women began to enter the workforce in droves. The rise of human rights law required companies and the government to find ways to accommodate women, who were often unable to display the same streng th as men. Firefighting units altered their training regimes, for example, in order to accommodate women. All of these things are impressive achievements. We should celebrate the continued integration of our wives, sister, daughters, and mothers into society at large and into the workplace. Women need to play a more substantial and significant role in the world. But where can that line be drawn? Critics of deploying women in combat roles point to the various accommodations made to women in different sectors of society. They suggest that there is no room for accommodations in wartime. It would be nice to have more physically disabled people on the battlefield in order to encourage diversity, but they would compromise the mission. Only the most physically and mentally fit individuals should form the tip of the spear, the combat units that make up the military. This is the crux of the opposition to women in the military. In the American military today, women are not involved in combat roles. They make up only around 14 percent of the active Army (Army.mil). Catherine Ross served in Iraq as a civil affairs sergeant attached to a combat brigade and argued recently that women should be allowed to serve in combat roles. While in Iraq, I was directly attached to an infantry battalion. I went everywhere they did, lived as they did and faced the same dangers they did every time I went â€Å"outside the wire† to conduct infrastructure assessments, which was nearly every day. There is nothing special or unique about what I experienced. Many female soldiers have been or currently are in the same situation — going outside the wire and facing the possibility of I.E.D.’s, small arms fire and more. The fact is that as â€Å"support† we end up attached to infantry, artillery and other combat arms units, and make enemy contact. Despite this, I was blind to the big picture. I suppose I had just guzzled down the Kool-Aid and drove on. It took getting ou t of the Army for me to see how women in the military are truly viewed and treated (Ross). With due respect to Ms. Ross, her observations do not make an especially strong case for allowing to fight in the military. She may have returned in one piece from Iraq, but despite the fact that she was in a combat zone she did not have to survive the stress and difficulty of engaging the enemy in a combat sense. There are a number of powerful arguments which she overlooks when

Business & Economics of Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business & Economics of Strategy - Essay Example However, the government still holds an important role to play prior to the success of the industry. Porter believed that the government has an important role to play prior to the success of a company or an industry in general (Porter, 1990). The government has substantial control in the business sector because it is its task to provide a promising For instance, the government’s lack of focus attention towards the automotive sector and inconsistency when it comes to long-term strategic policy framework have considerable impacts on the UK’s auto industry (House of Commons, 2009; Holweg et al. 2009). This has become one of the specific weaknesses of the sector. In short, the UK’s auto industry is dependent on the government’s important policy and procedure. The Automotive Products Trade Agreement affected Canada because of the economic downturn. This in return brings forward positive association between politics and performance of the auto industry. The issue of global warming encourages the car manufacturing industry to go for alternative designs that will minimize fuel consumption and green house gas emission. This is in line with government policies especially in Europe to take considerably the issue of global warming. ... Sales for automobile have substantially decreased and car manufacturing companies have feared the eventual impact of this in their business. Social Analysis Distracted by the aftermath of economic downturn, customers are more willing to compromise the need for a car. In a society where economic activity is unstable plus oil crisis has substantial impact, having a car is considered a luxury. People are most likely to go for their basic needs first and set aside other secondary needs in life. In the midst of oil crisis and economic downturn, public transportation was in demand. This is also influenced by educating the people about the possible implications of too much green house gas emission that most of it comes from automobiles. This only shows that social considerations have important impacts on the auto industry. In short, social business environment is another important consideration for the automobile industry in order to create a substantial need for its offerings. Technologica l Analysis Grant (2009) pointed out that in order for a company to have long-term survival; there is a need to consider resource and capability base upgrades. In line with this, the auto industry is consistently observed to promote different car models suited to the ongoing trend and created needs through technological innovation. Toyota is known to produce cars that are known for their cutting-edge technology. Part II. Industry Analysis The automobile industry is good at stimulating demand or needs for their products. In fact, it is the latest trend of every company to stimulate needs for their product and service offerings (Kotler et al., 1999; Boone and Kurtz, 2006). Car companies from Asia, Europe, North America and

Comparing Roderick Hudson s Rowland Mallet and The Ambassadors Lambert Strether :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Comparing Roderick Hudson 's Rowland Mallet and The Ambassador's Lambert Strether One of Henry James' outstanding qualities is that, to a greater extent than with most writers, the only way to really understand him is to simply read a great deal more of him. This statement takes one thing largely under its assumptive stride, that is that there is something to understand, something suggested and promised by, but not contained within, his immaculate and elegant prose. Again, to a greater extent than with most novelists, with Henry James it is safe to say that the real story unfolds not fully in the light thrown off by the explicit story-telling; no matter how elaborate or complete the narrative web, there is always something beyond it, a greater significance that we are pointed to by a constant inability fully to explain to ourselves, at least within its own terms, the story we are reading. Taking Roderick Hudson from the earlier years, and The Ambassadors from the later, we can trace a certain evolution in the way James handled the themes that pervaded his work as well as his life, namely, disengagement, isolation, difference. Comparing, in these two novels, the portrayal of this resigned but not fully explicated isolation, each comes to shed an enormous light into the hidden recesses of the other, and onto James' larger project as a writer of fiction. The central characters of these two books compare in interesting ways. On a certain surface Roderick's Rowland Mallet and The Ambassador's Lambert Strether are quite different. For example, in their respective relations to the opposite sex†¹an important aspect of character in analyzing James' portrayal of isolation†¹the two men appear to have quite different histories. Though he is twenty years younger than Strether, it is significant that Mallet has never married. We are given, on the very first page of the novel, the gossamer-thin reason that upon meeting the "golden fruit" that his cousin had married, he had "then and there accepted the prospect of bachelorhood."(RH, 49) When his cousin dies, leaving this woman again marriageable, Mallet's "fancy", oddly, dies a "natural death"(49). Strether, on the other hand, has married; but, having married very young, he is, at fifty-five, a long-time widower. (The circumstances of Strether's marriage, and the deaths of his wife and son, "stupidly sacrificed"(TA, 114), sound a little like the plot-line of a James short story.)

The Crisis Of Underperformance Education Essay

Education is considered as the most valuable tool for human edifice † ( Barineka Nbina, 2010 ) . Education nationally is recognized as the greatest investing in the state that can convey civilisation, development and socio-economic advancement. The twenty-first century is characterized by promotion in scientific discipline and engineering ( Okebukola, 1996 ) . â€Å" In his survey Barineka Nbina ( 2010 ) point out that every state is endeavoring to accomplish scientific and technological discovery with their environment. Therefore, the instruction of scientific discipline and engineering is going more demand and activity oriented than earlier † . Existing research suggest that Information and Communication Technology ICT has been integrated into capable instruction ( Hennessy et al, Granger et Al, Jamieson-Proctor et Al ) . The hapless criterion of scientific discipline in secondary schools nationally remains as a major issue. Badr ( 2010 ) reference that 70 per cent of 10,000 secondary school pupils that were surveyed in Egypt said that uninspiring learning discourage so to prosecute farther instruction in scientific discipline watercourse. â€Å" Teachers need to comprehend ICT as chiefly a tool for learning and larning across the course of study although there are foundations accomplishments in ICT that pupils need to larn before they can take part to the full in an ICT-rich schoolroom. † ( Tin, 2002 ) . ICT is an indispensable facet of everyone ‘s day-to-day life with about every sector recommending for the usage of ICT to carry through its undertakings. The bing research survey shows that the usage of ICT as a back uping tool in instruction is a precedence for about all states but advancement has been uneven. There is significant difference adulthood within and between schools within the state in footings of ICT. A really low per centum of schools have embedded ICT into the course of study, and show high degrees of successful and appropriate ICT usage to back up learning across the state. Reynolds e.tel ( 2003 ) in his findings revealed that several instructors reveal that ICT has surely raised criterio n and presentation of work, while many of the instructors from most schools still see ICT as uneffective and clip cachexia. Reynolds e.tal ( 2003 ) further reveals that these findings reveal that the attack of learning differs from school to school.3. Research Problem and Aims ( Required words 150 and Actual words 209 )Problem statementThe crisis of underperformance of our instruction and preparation system remains a major issue. The criterions of public presentation in our instruction system are really low. Although in 2010 the base on balls rate increased by 6.8 % to 67.5 % . , but there is still a concern with hapless public presentation in Science. Science larning requires skilled and specialist instructors who provide quality inputs in the schoolroom. Barineka Nbina ( 2010 ) found that every state is endeavoring to accomplish scientific and technological discovery with their environment. Therefore, the instruction of scientific discipline and engineering is going more demand an d activity oriented than earlier. Badr ( 2010 ) reference that 70 per cent of 10,000 secondary school pupils that were surveyed in Egypt said that uninspiring learning deter them to prosecute farther instruction in the scientific discipline. Possibly the hapless public presentation in Science is due to miss of instructor ‘s resources.PurposeThe purpose of this research is to look into the current resources used by instructors to learn, the effects that affects those resources and to better the academic competences and ICT acceptance in instruction of scientific discipline in secondary schools by planing an e-teaching intercession tool. This will give the consequences to enable those who would make good in the programme to be eligible for entry into a sheepskin programme in third instruction.4. Literature Review ( Required words 1000 and Actual words 1195 )Theoretical modelThis research will be grounded on Technological credence theoretical account ( TAM ) model and Task-techno logy tantrum ( TTF ) theoretical account. TAM construct specifies that â€Å" the causal relationships between system design characteristics, perceived usefulness the grade to which a individual believes that utilizing a peculiar system would heighten his or her occupation public presentation † ( Davis, 1989 ) , perceived easiness of usage â€Å" the grade to which a individual believes that utilizing a peculiar system would be free from attempt † ( Davis, 1989 ) , attitude toward utilizing, and existent use behavior ( Davis, 1989 ) . â€Å" TAM provides the overall enlightening representation of the mechanisms by which design picks influence user credence, and should hence be helpful in applied contexts for prediction and measuring user credence of information engineering † . TTF theory holds the theory that engineering will merely be used if its capablenesss are fiting to the demands of the undertaking to be performed and it ‘s more likely to hold a posi tive impact ( Goodhue and Thompson, 1995 ) . Technology that does non offer sufficient advantage it will non be used. The ground of uniting these two theoretical accounts is because it captures two different facets of user ‘s picks to use information and communicating engineering. Dishaw et Al ( 2002 ) indicate that â€Å" Both facets, attitude toward the IT ( TAM ) and rationally determined expected effects from utilizing the IT ( TTF ) , are likely to impact user ‘s picks to utilize IT. TAM will be used to look into on the factors that affect ICT tools acceptance by instructors for learning scientific discipline. TTF will be used to analyze the impact of ICT tools that are presently available to help instructors.Use of ICT in ClassroomsAl-Zaidiyeen et Al ( 2010 ) conducted a research in â€Å" Teachers ‘ Attitudes and Levels of Technology Use in Classrooms: † their findings revealed that the degree of ICT usage by rural secondary schools instructors is low, this implies that ICT are barely of all time used for educational intents by instructors in rural secondary schools. â€Å" Teachers are more likely to integrate ICT usage in their schoolroom if they see its relevancy to their direction and are convinced that the design of instruction package is compatible with educational ends and the single acquisition demands of pupils. † ( Al-Zaidiyeen et Al, 2010 )Use of ICT as medium for learning scientific disciplineYucel et Al ( 2010 ) in a survey of â€Å" Models to research Turkish instructors ICT integrating phases and the factors that affect ICT integrating † indicate that a batch of ICT integrating to instruction has failed because instructors were unsure about how ICT could be integrated into the course of study. Yucel ( 2010 ) indicate that in order for instructors to be able to utilize ICT they should be equipped with the necessary accomplishments and cognition. Flick and bell argues that although ICT is a buzzing word in this century but still â€Å" few instructors really do non understand how engineering is used in scientific dis cipline, nor can they adequately describe the relationship between scientific discipline and engineering. † Flick and Bell ( 2000 ) indicate that â€Å" If the intent of engineering in scientific discipline instruction is to heighten scientific discipline instruction and larning instead ( than for the engineering ‘s sake entirely ) , a different attack is necessary † . Flick and Bell ( 2000 ) further provinces that instructors should look at engineering as a manner of assisting pupils explore subjects in more deepness and in more synergistic ways. Bell and Flick reached these consequences by garnering thoughts from cognition of research, K-12 learning experience, and learning experience in scientific discipline instructor instruction with engineering.Teachers ‘ Knowledge and Attitudes towards ICT usageYucel et Al ( 2010 ) consequences revealed that there is no relationship between instructor ‘s negative attitude and instructors ‘ cognition on ICT . Yecul et Al ( 2010 ) reached these consequences by transporting out correlativity analysis between dependant and independent variables. Yucel et Al ( 2010 ) further indicate that â€Å" attempt seeking to better instructors ‘ attitudes is non likely to hold a direct impact unless their feeling of ego adequateness is improved † . Yecul et Al ( 2010 ) consequences contradict with Al-Zaidiyeen et Al ( 2010 ) consequences. Researchers globally believe that the usage of ICT tools for educational intents depends upon the attitudes of instructors toward the engineering ( Summers, 1990 ; Al-Zaidiyeen et Al, 2010 ) . Al-Zaidiyeen et Al ( 2010 ) reached the consequences by appraising indiscriminately selected 650 instructors in Jordan, in the usage of ICT, and the degree of attitude of instructors towards the usage of ICT.ICT Adoption betterment intercessionsTrainingAdeyinka et Al ( 2007 ) in the survey of an appraisal of secondary school instructor ‘s utilizations of ICT : deduction for farther development of ICT ‘s usage in Nigerian secondary schools suggests that in order for instructors to be technological progress, they need to go to ICT workshops.5. Research Methodology ( Required words 200 and Actual words 612 )This research will consist of 3 stage ‘s, each stage will lend in better shaping this survey. This survey will use instance survey and a descriptive study method to let the research worker a graphic description of how secondary school instructors are doing usage of ICTs.Phase 1: To analyze the current instruction intercession tools that are utilized in secondary schools for instructors to better Teach scientific disciplineA instance survey will be used in which an interview with KwaZulu natal secondary schools scientific discipline instructors will be conducted to analyze current methods of ICT ‘s that are utilized as support tool for them to learn scientific discipline better. Lone instructors from class 10,11and 12 w ill be interviewed. The interview inquiries will consist of both open-ended inquiries and close-ended inquiries. Examples of inquiries to be asked such as: 1. Which ICTs tool do instructors hold entree on? 2. What is the adequacy degree of the assorted facets of ICT availability/ entree in your school? Datas collected from these interviews will be used to better derive insight on the current ICT tools of learning scientific discipline that are used in secondary schools. This information will assist for theoretical coverage on current toolsPhase 2: To look into the factors that are impacting the use of those toolsA descriptive study method will be used, whereby class 10, 11 and 12 scientific discipline instructors will be handed a questionnaire in KwaZulu natal secondary schools to analyze the factors that are impacting the use of instructors back uping tool to learn scientific discipline better. The research variables for this stage are: instructors demographics, instructors ‘ perceptual experience about the sensed easiness of utilizing ICT, Teachers perceived utility of ICT, instructor ‘s old ages of experience, teacher ‘s cognition all these are independent variables, the dependant variable will be, Perceived usage of ICT by instructors to better Teach scientifi c discipline All points in collected information from the questionnaire will be subjected to a factor analysis spontaneously. A varimax rotary motion will be used to pull out factors. Likert type grading will besides be applied across all points. Stepwise arrested development techniques will be employed to explicate discrepancy the factors that are impacting the use of ICT scientific discipline instruction tools. Descriptive and illative statistics will besides be employed.Phase 3: To plan and prove an e-teaching intercession tool for helping instructors to learn scientific discipline betterOn the completion of the first two stages, the factors will be known. An appropriate intercession e-teaching tool will be designed and experimented with the purpose of measuring the effectivity it has on the instruction of scientific discipline in secondary schools. The experiment will affect five instructors from class 10 to 12 who will be selected from rural and urban schools in KwaZulu natal state of South Africa.

World War II USS Enterprise (Cv-6)

The USS Enterprise (CV-6) was an American aircraft carrier during World War II that earned 20 battle stars and the Presidential Unit Citation. Construction In the period after World War I, the US Navy began experimenting with different designs for aircraft carriers. A new class of warship, its first aircraft carrier, USS Langley (CV-1), was built from a converted collier and utilized a flush deck design (no island). This initial vessel was followed by USS Lexington (CV-2) and USS Saratoga (CV-3) which were constructed using large hulls that had been intended for battlecruisers. Sizable carriers, these vessels had air groups numbering around 80 aircraft and large islands. Late in the 1920s, design work moved forward on the US Navys first purpose-built carrier, USS Ranger (CV-4). Though less than half the displacement of Lexington and Saratoga, Rangers more efficient use of space allowed it to carry a similar number of aircraft. As these early carriers commenced service, the US Navy and the Naval War College conducted several tests and war games through which they hoped to determine the ideal carrier design. These studies concluded that speed and torpedo protection were of significant importance and that a large air group was necessary as it provided greater operational flexibility. They also found that carriers utilizing islands had enhanced control over their air groups, were better able to clear exhaust smoke, and could direct their defensive armament more effectively. Testing at sea also found that larger carriers were more capable of operating in difficult weather conditions than smaller vessels such as Ranger. Though the US Navy originally preferred a design displacing around 27,000 tons, due to the restrictions imposed by the Washington Naval Treaty, it instead was forced to choose one that provided the desired characteristics but only weighed approximately 20,000 tons. Carrying an air group of around 90 aircraft, this design offered a maximum speed 32.5 knots. Ordered by the US Navy in 1933, USS Enterprise was the second of three Yorktown-class aircraft carriers. Laid down on July 16, 1934 at the Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, work moved forward on the carriers hull. On October 3, 1936, Enterprise was launched with Lulie Swanson, wife of Secretary of the Navy Claude Swanson, serving as sponsor. Over the next two years, workers completed the vessel and on May 12, 1938 it was commissioned with Captain N.H. White in command. For its defense, Enterprise possessed an armament centered on eight 5 guns and four 1.1 quad guns. This defensive armament would be enlarged and enhanced several times during the carriers long career. USS Enterprise (CV-6) - Overview: Nation:  United StatesType:  Aircraft CarrierShipyard:  Newport News Shipbuilding Drydock CompanyLaid Down:  July 16, 1934Launched:  October 3, 1936Commissioned:  May 12, 1938Fate:  Scrapped in 1958 Specifications: Displacement:  25,500 tonsLength:  824 ft., 9 in.Beam:  109 ft., 6 in.Draft:  25 ft., 11.5 in.Propulsion:  4 Ãâ€" Parsons geared steam turbines, 9 Ãâ€" Babcock Wilcox boilers, 4 Ãâ€" shaftsSpeed:  32.5 knotsRange:  14,380 nautical miles at 15 knotsComplement:  2,217 men Armament (as built): 8 Ãâ€" single 5 in. guns4 Ãâ€" quad 1.1 in. guns24 Ãâ€" .50 caliber machine gunsAircraft90 aircraft USS Enterprise (CV-6) - Prewar Operations: Departing the Chesapeake Bay, Enterprise embarked on a shakedown cruise in the Atlantic which saw it make port at Rio de Janreiro, Brazil. Returning north, it later conducted operations in the Caribbean and off the East Coast. In April 1939, Enterprise received orders to join the US Pacific fleet at San Diego. Transiting the Panama Canal, it soon reached its new home port. In May 1940, with tensions with Japan rising, Enterprise and the fleet moved to their forward base at Pearl Harbor, HI. Over the next year, the carrier conducted training operations and transported aircraft to US bases around the Pacific. On November 28, 1941, it sailed for Wake Island to deliver aircraft to the islands garrison. Pearl Harbor Near Hawaii on Dec. 7, Enterprise launched 18 SBD Dauntless dive bombers and sent them to Pearl Harbor. These arrived over Pearl Harbor as the Japanese were conducting their surprise attack against the US fleet. Enterprises aircraft immediately joined in the defense of the base and many were lost. Later in the day, the carrier launched a flight of six F4F Wildcat fighters. These arrived over Pearl Harbor and four were lost to friendly anti-aircraft fire. After a fruitless search for the Japanese fleet, Enterprise entered Pearl Harbor on Dec. 8. Sailing the next morning, it patrolled west of Hawaii and its aircraft sank the Japanese submarine I-70. Early War Operations In late December, Enterprise continued patrols near Hawaii while other US carriers unsuccessfully attempted to relieve Wake Island. In early 1942, the carrier escorted convoys to Samoa as well as conducted raids against the Marshall and Marcus Islands. Joining with USS Hornet in April, Enterprise provided cover for the other carrier as it carried Lieutenant Colonel Jimmy Doolittles force of B-25 Mitchell bombers towards Japan. Launched on April 18, the Doolittle Raid saw the American planes strike targets in Japan before proceeding west to China. Steaming east, the two carriers arrived back at Pearl Harbor later that month. On April 30, Enterprise sailed to reinforce the carriers USS Yorktown and USS Lexington in the Coral Sea. This mission was aborted as the Battle of the Coral Sea was fought before Enterprise arrived. Battle of Midway Returning to Pearl Harbor on May 26 after a feint towards Nauru and Banaba, Enterprise was quickly readied to block an anticipated enemy attack on Midway. Serving as Rear Admiral Raymond Spruances flagship, Enterprise sailed with Hornet on May 28. Taking a position near Midway, the carriers were soon joined by Yorktown. At the Battle of Midway on June 4, aircraft from Enterprise sank the Japanese carriers Akagi and Kaga. They later contributed to the sinking of the carrier Hiryu. A stunning American victory, Midway saw the Japanese lose four carriers in exchange for Yorktown which was badly damaged in the fighting and later lost to a submarine attack. Arriving at Pearl Harbor on June 13, Enterprise began a month-long overhaul. Southwest Pacific Sailing on July 15, Enterprise joined Allied forces to support the invasion of Guadalcanal in early August. After covering the landings, Enterprise, along with USS Saratoga, took part in the Battle of the Eastern Solomons on Aug. 24-25. Though the light Japanese carrier Ryujo was sunk, Enterprise took three bomb hits and was severely damaged. Returning to Pearl Harbor for repairs, the carrier was ready for sea by mid-October. Rejoining operations around the Solomons, Enterprise participated in the Battle of Santa Cruz on Oct. 25-27. Despite taking two bomb hits, Enterprise remained operational and took aboard many of Hornets aircraft after that carrier was sunk. Making repairs while underway, Enterprise remained in the region and its aircraft took part in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal in November and the Battle of Rennell Island in January 1943. After operating from Espiritu Santo in the spring of 1943, Enterprise steamed for Pearl Harbor. Raiding Arriving in port, Enterprise was presented with the Presidential Unit Citation by Admiral Chester W. Nimitz. Proceeding to Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, the carrier began an extensive overhaul which enhanced its defensive armament and saw the addition of an anti-torpedo blister to the hull. Joining the carriers of Task Force 58 that November, Enterprise took part in raids across the Pacific as well as introduced carrier-based night fighters to the Pacific. In February 1944, TF58 mounted as series of devastating attacks against Japanese warships and merchant vessels at Truk. Raiding through the spring, Enterprise provided air support for Allied landings at Hollandia, New Guinea in mid-April. Two months later, the carrier aided in attacks against the Marianas and covered the invasion of Saipan. Philippine Sea Leyte Gulf Responding to the American landings in the Marianas, the Japanese dispatched a large force of five fleet and four light carriers to turn back the enemy. Taking part in the resulting Battle of the Philippine Sea on June 19-20, Enterprises aircraft aided in destroying over 600 Japanese aircraft and sinking three enemy carriers. Due to the lateness of the American attacks on the Japanese fleet, many aircraft returned home in darkness which greatly complicated their recovery. Remaining in the area until July 5, Enterprise aided operations ashore. After a brief overhaul at Pearl Harbor, the carrier commenced raids against the Volcano and Bonin Islands, as well as Yap, Ulithi, and Palau in late August and early September. The following month saw Enterprises aircraft hitting targets in Okinawa, Formosa, and the Philippines. After providing cover for General Douglas MacArthurs landings on Leyte on Oct. 20, Enterprise sailed for Ulithi but was recalled by Admiral William Bull Halsey due to reports that the Japanese were approaching. During the subsequent Battle of Leyte Gulf on Oct. 23-26, planes from Enterprise attacked each of the three main Japanese naval forces. Following the Allied victory, the carrier conducted raids in the area before returning to Pearl Harbor in early December. Later Operations Putting to sea on Christmas Eve, Enterprise carried the fleets only air group that was capable of night operations. As a result, the carriers designation was changed to CV(N)-6. After operating in the South China Sea, Enterprise joined TF58 in February 1945 and took part in attacks around Tokyo. Moving south, the carrier used its day-night capability to provide support for the US Marines during the Battle of Iwo Jima. Returning to the Japanese coast in mid-March, Enterprises aircraft attacked targets on Honshu, Kyushu, and in the Inland Sea. Arriving off Okinawa on April 5, it began air support operations for Allied forces fighting ashore. While off Okinawa, Enterprise was hit by two kamikazes, one on April 11 and the other on May 14. While the damage from first could be repaired at Ulithi, the damage from the second destroyed the carriers forward elevator and required a return to Puget Sound. Entering the yard on June 7, Enterprise was still there when the war ended in August. Fully repaired, the carrier sailed for Pearl Harbor that fall and returned to the US with 1,100 servicemen. Ordered to the Atlantic, Enterprise put into New York before proceeding to Boston to have additional berthing installed. Taking part in Operation Magic Carpet, Enterprise commenced a series of voyages to Europe to bring home American forces. At the conclusion of these activities, Enterprise had transported over 10,000 men back to the United States. As the carrier was smaller and dated relative to its newer consorts, it was deactivated at New York on Jan. 18, 1946 and fully decommissioned the following year. Over the next decade, attempts were made to preserve the Big E as a museum ship or memorial. Unfortunately, these efforts failed to raise enough money to buy the vessel from the US Navy and in 1958 it was sold for scrap. For its service in World War II, Enterprise received twenty battles st ars, more than any other US warship. Its name was revived in 1961 with the commissioning of USS Enterprise (CVN-65). Sources DANFS: USS Enterprise (CV-6)CV-6.orgUSS Enterprise